Human Pathophysiology Essay

A 45-year-old grocery sales salesclerk has been suffering from bouts of severe pain in his left hand flank region. He damn it on prolonged standing for 8 hours straight while working. He was pickings over-the- reappearance pain medications for his pain. One day, he found fresh production line in his piddle. He went to a doctor who performed urine tests, CT scans, and roentgenograms. He was diagnosed with urinary calculi. wrangle possible factors that may have been prudent for the using of the stone and use this graphic symbol to press out how the patients nutrition and water intake can overhaul analyze the composition of the calculi. Factors responsible for the development can include his family or individual(prenominal) history, being over 40, his gender, his diet, weight, over the numberer medications, and possible dehydration. He will involve to drink plenty of water, avoid inordinateness caffeine, black tea, grapefruit and apple juices. He should also avoid foods high in oxalates, limit his sodium Intake, limit his wolf protein and avoid mega-doses of vitaminC. By following this dietary and water intake method it should suffice analyze if the calculi composition is calcium oxalate, Calcium phosphate, Cystine, Magnesium ammonium phosphate, or uric acid. What would be the test results of his white blood cells, blood calcium levels, CT scan, and x-ray? Urinalysis will be unequivocal for nitrite, leukocyte esterase, and blood. The white blood cell (WBC) count will be elevated, with a left shift. Creatinine level will also be elevated in outlet obstruction. CT scan will demonstrate bladder calculi if the test is performed without IV contrast material. The unenhanced whorled CT is sensitive but nevertheless specific in diagnosing calculi on the urinary tract and even comminuted urate calculi can be detected this way. KUB detects radi fogged stones because pure uric acid and ammonium urate stones are radiolucent and can be coated with a lay er of opaque calcium sediment.The sonogram will show a classic hyperechoic object with foundation shadowing, and it is effective in identifying both radiolucent and radiopaque stones. (Basler, 2014) Suggest the best sermon for the patient and a plan to impede recurrence post-treatment. Treatment is with analgesics, antibiotics for infection, medical expulsive therapy, and, sometimes, hurt wave lithotripsy or endoscopic procedures. relieve calculus passage with -receptor blockers much(prenominal) as tamsulosin. For persistent or infection-causing calculi, complete remotion using primarily endoscopic techniques. (Preminger, 2014) taproomDrink plenty of water, get the proper(ip) amount of calcium according to your age, clip sodium , limit animal protein such(prenominal) as red meat, poultry, eggs, and seafood , and avoid stone-forming foods such as beets, chocolate, spinach, rhubarb, tea, most nuts juicy in oxalate, and colas rich in phosphate.ReferencesPreminger,G. (2014, July). urinary Calculi. Merck Manuals. Retrieved from http//www.merckmanuals.com/professional/genitourinary_disorders/urinary_calculi/urinary_calculi.html Pendick, D. (2013, Oct). 5 steps for Preventing Kidney Stones. Harvard wellness Publications. Retrieved from http//www.health.harvard.edu/blog/5-steps-for-preventing-kidney-stones-201310046721 Basler, J. (2014). Bladder Stones Workup. WEbMd. Retrieved from http//emedicine.medscape.com/article/2120102-workupshowall